Browsing by Author "Nedkova-Shtipska M."

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    STUDY OF MODEL REACTION OF SYNTHESIS OF n-BUTYL ACETATE USING IR SPECTROSCOPY IN SOLUTION
    (2023-01-01) Jaber S.; Nedkova-Shtipska M.
    FT-IR spectroscopy is an absorption method, used to obtain the infrared spectrum of a chemical compound in a sample in order to monitor specific functional groups in organic and inorganic compounds. Herein, the ability of this technique to be used for on-time monitoring of a model chemical reaction is demonstrated. Every chemical reaction is characterized by specific kinetic profile, especially when a reversible reaction as esterification has to be realized. The selection of an appropriate, easy to be applied tracking technique is an important moment in the industry. N-butyl acetate can be obtained by the esterification of n-butan-1-ol and acetic acid. The main purpose of the presented work is to study the kinetics of the model reaction of n-butyl acetate synthesis showing the ability of FT-IR technique in solution to be used. Process of on-time monitoring can help to study the external factors which influence on the both right and reversed reaction in order to obtain the best yield of aimed product. The obtained results showed that FT-IR technique could be used as an easy to be applied for on-time monitoring of esterification reaction technique and the reaction reaches equilibrium in the 90th minute. Otherwise, a yield of 100 % is observed after one hour and half since the beginning of the reaction
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    STUDY OF TRANSFORMATION OF p-AMINOPHENOL IN LIQUID PHASE WITH INFRARED SCPECTROSCOPY
    (2022-01-01) Nedkova-Shtipska M.; Jaber S.; Petrin S.; Karadjova V.; Danalev D.
    Determining the rate, mechanism and dynamic of chemical reactions, including reactions between organic and inorganic substances, biotransformations involving enzymes, catalytic processes, etc., is key to setting the most appropriate technological parameters in various industries. The conversion of a substrate into a final product can go through various stages, some of which are speed-determining, while others require specific conditions - pressure, temperature, presence of catalyst and others. Therefore, clarifying the exact mechanism and dynamics of the transformation process is extremely important for achieving good yields and purity of the final products. It is also important to ensure the overall course of the transformation reaction, while minimizing the loss of time, as these factors directly affect the budget of the final product. The aim of the present study was to apply the features of IR spectroscopy to follow the dynamics of model acetylation reaction of transformations of p-aminophenol to paracetamol. Finally, we demonstrated the possibility IR spectroscopy in solution to be used as a technique for monitoring of specific transformation reaction in solution. The main reaction was successfully followed at time by preliminary selecting of the most suitable solvent, which is compatible with the requirements of the technique used and the monitored reaction as well as the right IR bands characteristic for the process of transformation.