Copper phytofiltration and sulfates removal from aqueous media in subsurface vertical flow wetland by Phragmites australis
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2018-01-01
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Abstract
Study on the simultaneous copper phytofiltration and sulfates removal from aqueous media in subsurface vertical flow wetland by hydroponically planted Phragmites australis was carried out. The system operated continuously in recirculation regime and the recirculation was performed at ratio of 1:3, giving 1 h water movement through the wetland body and 3 h resting period of the water in the wetland (contact between water and bed matrix). The water flow rate was 50 ml min-1. The effluents were daily analysed for copper and sulfates content and after the experiments, plant samples from the Phragmites australis roots and above-ground parts were extracted for copper content determination. The experiments were carried out during two seasonal periods - winter and spring. In the winter season, the treatment process was embarrassed and the Cu2+ removal efficiency was 1.4 times lower than that achieved in the spring. SO4 2- removal efficiencies of 29.6±2.1 % and 41.9±2.2 % were achieved in the winter and spring season, respectively. The copper concentration in the plant roots increased as a result of the treatment process and the accumulation factor in winter was 4.9 % and 12.4 % in spring. The concentration of Cu2+ in the roots was 4 times higher than that in the above-ground parts.