Organic modification of Bulgarian bentonite by an easy low cost method
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2016-01-01
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Abstract
Bentonite is hydrophilic in nature due to the cations within its interlayer space. This makes natural bentonites ineffective sorbents of organic compounds. The modification of their surfaces by surfactants is an option to prepare bentonitebased sorbents of organic pollutants and bentonite fillers used for polymer nanocomposites production. The present study reports the formation of organobentonites on the ground of Bulgarian bentonite following an easy and cost-effective cation exchange methodology. Octadecylamine is the surfactant used. All reactions are carried out in a single vessel. No drying and grinding of the bentonite's is required prior to the organic modification. The organobentonites obtained are studied by XRD, IR, DTA and TGA. Different organic solvents as ethanol, toluene and xylene are used to investigate their sorption and swelling properties. It is found better organic ions intercalation is obtained that with increase of the amount of the organic modifier. This is evidenced by the increase of the spacing d (001) (Å) from 13,20 (Å) to 20,50 (Å). The best organic cations intercalation is achieved in a bentonite containing 20 mass % of octadecylamine. The organobentonites obtained are hydrophobic in water and hydrophilic in organic media. The organobentonite modified by 20 mass % of octadecylamine shows the best swelling capacity in xylene.