Collagen/(ZnTiO3/SiO2) composites of an wide spectrum antimicrobial activity
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2020-01-01
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Abstract
The aim of this study is to prepare collagen composites of an increased wide spectrum antimicrobial activity using zinc titanate embedded in a silane matrix (ZnTiO3 /SiO2). Aiming to improve the predictability between the patient outcome and the in vitro antimicrobial testing, four Gram-negative, two Gram-positive bacterial strains, two fungi and seven mixed cultures are used in this study. A higher antimicrobial activity of Collagen/(ZnTiO3/SiO2) composites as compared to that of Collagen/ZnTiO3 ones is found against all test mono-microbial strains. Collagen/(ZnTiO3 /SiO2) composites demonstrate also an well expressed action against the mixed test bacterial cultures, in the most cases a better one compared to that against the bacteria participating in the corresponding mixed bacterial cultures. The increased antimicrobial effect is due to a more homogeneous distribution of the submicron ZnTiO3 aggregates embedded in a silane matrix along the collagen fibrils and a formation of a specific, snail-like structure depicted by SEM. The specific activity against different microbial cells and mixed bacterial cultures is ascribed to features of the microbial cells: size, shape, cell membrane and walls as well as to different exopolymeric substances (EPSs) and their concurrent adsorption in cases of mixed bacterial cultures, as well as the EPSs concurrent adsorption being similar to the concurrent protein adsorption from blood plasma known as Vroman's effect. The wide spectrum high activity against fungi, mono-and multi-specie bacterial cultures makes the studied Collagen/(ZnTiO3 /SiO2) composites a promising antimicrobial biomaterial.