METHODS FOR OBTAINING OF KERATIN HYDROLYSATES FROM SHEEP WOOL
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2022-01-01
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Abstract
Leather and textile production have the largest share in the generation of keratin-containing waste (hair, wool, etc.). For example, wool contains up to 95 % pure keratin, which can be extracted and used. However, a number of difficulties exist in the production of keratin hydrolysates due to the non-reactivity and stability of keratin. In addition to peptide bonds, the presence of disulfide bonds makes these processes extremely difficult. A number of technics have been studied to obtain keratin hydrolysates. Optimizing these processes and finding the best available technique is a major challenge for environmental protection. The aim of the present study is to obtain and characterize keratin hydrolysates from sheep wool, respectively in native form and alkaline treated, using various oxidative and reductive methods. Three methods for hydrolysis were used, respectively: 1) hydrolysis with thioglycolic acid; 2) sulfitolysis with sodium pyrosulfate and urea; 3) hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide. The hydrolyzing ability of the three methods was compared, and the influence of the preliminary chemical treatment of the wool was taken into account. The obtained hydrolysates were characterized by qualitative reactions, spectrophotometric and FTIR analysis. It was proved that the method of hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide has the highest hydrolyzing effect and to a much greater extent for the alkaline treated wool than for the native one.