Nanoscale particle reinforcement by oligourea particles in polyurethanes - A concept to control mechanical properties
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2014-01-01
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Abstract
We report on a concept to obtain high properties of nanocomposites by incorporating into the polymer matrix nanoscale reactive species to reinforce the structures already at low concentrations. The materials used to study the effect of reactive organic nanofillers on properties of organic-organic nanocomposites were poly(urethane ureas) in which the urethane part consisted of long chain polyether alcohols reacted with 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and the urea part of oligourea particles produced either by solvolysis of flexible polyurethane foams or by a new method in which a isocyanate prepolymer is reacted with appropriate reagents with simultaneous cleavage of the pre-formed urethane bond. The combination of two polymer networks-a urethane and a urea one-result in extraordinary synergy in mechanical properties. The properties can indeed be tailored by changing the volume fraction, shape, and size of the filler particle.